[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"health-study-detail:100633680":3},{"organization":4,"outcomesModule":7,"designInfo":20,"detailedDescription":30,"studyPopulation":19,"armGroups":31,"interventions":49,"overallOfficials":19,"centralContacts":62,"locations":72,"responsibleParty":87,"collaborators":19,"id":89,"slug":19,"hasResults":90,"nctId":91,"briefTitle":92,"officialTitle":92,"acronym":19,"eligibilityCriteria":93,"healthyVolunteers":90,"sex":94,"minAge":95,"maxAge":96,"enrollmentInfo":97,"targetDuration":19,"studyType":100,"phases":101,"briefSummary":103,"conditions":104,"keywords":106,"overallStatus":75,"whyStopped":19,"lastUpdateSubmitDate":110,"lastUpdatePostDateStruct":111,"startDateStruct":114,"completionDateStruct":116,"leadSponsor":118,"locationsCount":119},{"fullName":5,"class":6},"Foundation University Islamabad","OTHER",{"primaryOutcomes":8,"secondaryOutcomes":19,"otherOutcomes":19},[9,13,16],{"measure":10,"description":11,"timeFrame":12},"Blood Pressure (SBP and DBP)","Evaluation will be performed using a sphygmomanometer to measure Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP). Measurements will be recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) under standardized conditions after at least 5 minutes of seated rest.\n\nTwo readings will be taken, and the average value will be used for analysis","06 weeks",{"measure":14,"description":15,"timeFrame":12},"Chest Expansion","Evaluation will be performed by measuring chest expansion at the xiphoid level using a measuring tape. Chest circumference will be recorded in centimeters (cm) at maximum inspiration and maximum expiration, and chest expansion will be calculated as the difference between these two measurements.\n\nHigher values indicate greater chest wall mobility and improved respiratory function, whereas lower values indicate restricted chest expansion.",{"measure":17,"description":18,"timeFrame":12},"Pulmonary Function Test","Evaluation will be performed using a spirometer device according to standard guidelines. The parameters assessed will include Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV₁), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and FEV₁\u002FFVC ratio. Values will be recorded in liters (L) and as percentage of predicted values (%) based on age, sex, height, and ethnicity.\n\nHigher values of FEV₁ and FVC indicate better pulmonary function, while a higher FEV₁\u002FFVC ratio indicates reduced airway obstruction and improved respiratory status.",null,{"allocation":21,"interventionModel":22,"interventionModelDescription":23,"primaryPurpose":24,"observationalModel":19,"timePerspective":19,"maskingInfo":25},"RANDOMIZED","PARALLEL","This is a randomized controlled trial having three groups. One group (interventional group) wil perform Pilates breathing along with moderate-intensity continuous cycling training, and the second group (experimental group) will perform diaphragmatic breathing along with moderate-intensity continuous cycling training, and the third group (control group) will perform only moderate-intensity continuous cycling training","TREATMENT",{"masking":26,"maskingDescription":27,"whoMasked":28},"SINGLE","Participants will be blinded to the allocation of intervention groups. Rndomization will be performed using sealed envelop method to ensure allocation concealment",[29],"PARTICIPANT","Hypertension or high blood pressure is defined as when the pressure in the blood vessels is too high. According to Joint National Committee 8 (JNC 8) Guidelines, hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure level of more than ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Elevated blood pressure increases the heart's workload and it causes the heart to work harder and become stiffened and thick. High blood pressure can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. These impacts range from physical limitations and emotional distress to increased risk of severe health issues. Lifestyle modifications and exercise can help counteract its effects. This study aims to study the combined effects of Pilates breathing, Diaphragmatic breathing and Moderate Intensity Continuous Cycling Training on blood pressure, chest expansion, pulmonary function and quality of life. Three Parallel arm randomized control study consisting of three groups each group will contain 15 patients. Selection of subjects will be done by using non-probability purposive sampling technique.The sample size was calculated using G\\* power software version 3.1. This was determined for difference between two means (one-way ANOVA \u002F Kruskal Wallis test), with significance level of 0.05 and power 0.95, which resulted in 45 participants to be enrolled in the study (15 in each group). Following tools will be used for assessment of outcome measures:\n\nSphygmomanometer (ICC = 0.91-0.97): To assess systolic and diastolic blood pressure.\n\nSpirometry (ICC: 0.88-0.96): A diagnostic test used to assess lung function and help diagnose, monitor, and manage respiratory conditions. It measures the volume of air a person can inhale and exhale and how quickly they can do so. It measures FVC, FEV1 and FEV1\u002FFVC ratio.\n\nMINICHAL Questionnaire (ICC: 0.88,0.85): A useful and reliable instrument used to assess Quality of Life (QoL) in hypertensive patients. It is a short,16 question, self-administered questionnaire that explores both psychological and somatic aspects related to the impact of hypertension on a person's life.\n\nBorg Scale (ICC: 0.7-0.9) It is a scale to measure rate of perceived exertion, a subjective method to measure the intensity of physical activity.The scale ranges from 6 to 20 with each number corresponding to subjective level of exertion Measuring Tape for Chest Expansion (ICC = 0.82-0.91): To measure chest expansion at xiphoid level Pulse Oximeter (ICC: 0.95): The pulse Oximeter is a non-invasive device, which provide digital readings: heart rate and oxygen saturation.\n\nParticipants will be selected according to non-probability purposive sampling technique and then randomly allocated to intervention group or control group through sealed envelope method. Single Blinded study (Participants will be kept blinded through sealed envelope method).A sealed envelope method will be used to ensure concealed allocation. Envelopes will be prepared in advance, shuffled thoroughly, and selected by the participants to determine group assignment.\n\nThis study involves 3 intervention groups naming:\n\nGROUP A: Pilates Breathing+ Cycling GROUP B: Diaphragmatic Breathing + Cycling GROUP C: Cycling only. Following a total of 18 sessions over the course of 6 weeks period. Warm-up: Side bends, arm circles, torso twists, standing march. Cool-down: Quadriceps stretch, seated figure of four stretches, calf stretch.\n\nCycling Training (All Groups):\n\nProtocol: Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT).\n\nParameters:\n\nFrequency: 3 days\u002Fweek Intensity: 60-79% of Maximum Heart Rate (HRmax), or Borg RPE 11-13. Progression: Based on structured Astrand-Rhyming cycle ergometer protocol guidelines.\n\nDuration: As per the standard moderate-intensity cycling session duration (gradually increased if required).\n\nMonitoring: Continuous heart rate and vitals monitoring throughout the cycling sessions.\n\nPilates breathing :\n\nFocus: Lateral rib cage expansion, diaphragmatic control, core engagement. Position: Sitting or lying down.\n\nSteps:\n\nNeutral spine position. Hands placed on rib cage and abdomen. Inhale deeply expanding the ribs laterally.\n\nExhale drawing the navel inward to engage core muscles. Controlled breathing coordinated with warm-up and cool-down movements. Frequency: 3 days per week Intensity: Low intensity, the perceived effort should be 3-4\u002F10 Time: 10-15 min\u002Fsession Type: Lateral breathing exercises\n\nDiaphragmatic breathing:\n\nFocus: Deep abdominal breathing, enhancing diaphragmatic movement, autonomic balance.\n\nPosition: Supine or seated.\n\nSteps:\n\nPlace one hand on chest and one below the ribs. Inhale slowly through the nose expanding the abdomen. Exhale through pursed lips, allowing the abdomen to fall inward. Chest should remain still. Frequency: 3 days per week Intensity: Low intensity, the perceived effort should be 3-4\u002F10 Time: 10-15 min\u002Fsession Type: Seated or supine diaphragmatic breathing (inhale deeply through the nose, exhale slowly through pursed lips) to enhance lung function, reduce stress Data will be analyzed using SPSS v. 21.0.",[32,38,43],{"label":33,"type":34,"description":35,"interventionNames":36},"Cycling training with Pilates breathing","EXPERIMENTAL","Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous cycling training with Pilates breathing exercise three times per week for six weeks.",[37],"Other: Pilates Breathing",{"label":39,"type":34,"description":40,"interventionNames":41},"Cycling training with diaphragmatic breathing","Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous cycling training combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercise three times per week for six weeks.",[42],"Other: Diaphragmatic Breathing",{"label":44,"type":45,"description":46,"interventionNames":47},"Cycling training","ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","Participants will perform moderate-intensity continuous cycling training only, three times per week for six weeks.",[48],"Other: Cycling Training (Moderate-intensity continuous training)",[50,54,58],{"type":6,"name":51,"description":52,"armGroupLabels":53,"otherNames":19},"Cycling Training (Moderate-intensity continuous training)","Moderate-intensity continuous cycling training performed at 60-79% of maximum heart rate for 20-35 minutes, three sessions per week for six weeks.",[44],{"type":6,"name":55,"description":56,"armGroupLabels":57,"otherNames":19},"Pilates Breathing","Controlled lateral breathing technique focusing on rib cage expansion and core activation performed for 10-15 minutes. A 06 weeks protocol will be followed.",[33],{"type":6,"name":59,"description":60,"armGroupLabels":61,"otherNames":19},"Diaphragmatic Breathing","Slow deep breathing emphasizing diaphragmatic movement performed for 10-15 minutes.\n\nA 06 weeks protocol will be followed.",[39],[63,68],{"name":64,"role":65,"phone":66,"phoneExt":19,"email":67},"Saba Rehman, MSPT-CPT","CONTACT","03295200871","sabarehman278@gmail.com",{"name":69,"role":65,"phone":70,"phoneExt":19,"email":71},"Sana Bashir, PhD*","+923218529475","drsana.bashir@fui.edu.pk",[73],{"facility":74,"status":75,"city":76,"state":19,"zip":19,"country":77,"countryCode":78,"cosmosGeoPoint":79,"geoPoint":84,"contacts":85},"Foundation University, Islamabad","RECRUITING","Islamabad","Pakistan","PK",{"type":80,"coordinates":81},"Point",[82,83],73.04329,33.72148,{"lat":83,"lon":82},[86],{"name":69,"role":65,"phone":70,"phoneExt":19,"email":71},{"type":88,"investigatorFullName":19,"investigatorTitle":19,"investigatorAffiliation":19,"oldNameTitle":19,"oldOrganization":19},"SPONSOR","100633680",false,"NCT07529834","Additional Effects of Pilates Breathing and Diaphragmatic Breathing Combined With Moderate Intensity Continuous Cycling Training on Blood Pressure, Chest Expansion, Pulmonary Function and Quality Of Life in Patients With Hypertension","Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Medically diagnosed patients having Stage 1 hypertension(SBP;140-159 mmHg,DBP:90-99mmHg) and Stage 2 -hypertension(SBP:≥160mmHg,DBP:≥100mmHg) according to JNC 8 Guidelines, referred by a medical specialist or GP or cardiologist from FFH or clinical setups or Hospitals of Rawalpindi\u002FIslambad\n* Patients who are on antihypertensive medications for at least 3 months before study.\n* Age ranging from 20-55 years\n* Both male and female patients.\n* Patients who are willing to participate in exercise regime and are able to -provide informed consent, have not been a part of any exercise regime from the last 6 months and well tolerated for exercise after being screened through PAR-Q+\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* Patients with Stage 3 hypertension (SBP: ≥180 mmHg or DBP: ≥110 mmHg) and above hypertension according to JNC 8 Guidelines or Hypertensive Crisis etc.\n* Patients with any severe knee or other orthopedic conditions that can limit exercise performance\n* Patients with uncontrolled hypertension\n* History of any abdominal, orthopedic or spinal surgery that could interfere with core or breathing exercise\n* Neurological or psychiatric disorders\n* Uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions such as arrhythmias or recent myocardial infarction\n* Pregnant women","ALL","20 Years","55 Years",{"count":98,"type":99},45,"ESTIMATED","INTERVENTIONAL",[102],"NA","Hypertension or high blood pressure is defined as when the pressure in the blood vessels is too high. According to Joint National Committee 8 (JNC 8) Guidelines, hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure level of more than ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. This study aims to study the combined effects of Pilates breathing, Diaphragmatic breathing and Moderate Intensity Continuous Cycling Training on blood pressure, chest expansion, pulmonary function and quality of life. Aerobic physical activity moderate intensity continuous training: (55%- 70% of maximal heart rate (MHR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 11-13 on the Borg scale) continuous training, known as MICT. Pilates breathing exercise enhances lung expansion by focusing on controlled rhythmic breathing methods involving respiratory muscles. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise is slow and controlled deep breathing that has important effects on respiratory system by the modulation of autonomic nervous system. Hypertensive patients will be selected for this study. The study will include three groups. One group will undergo Cycling training with Pilates breathing and the other group will undergo Cycling training with Diaphragmatic breathing and third group will undergo Cycling training only. Before initiating the intervention at the baseline, following outcome measures would be assessed for all the patients: Blood pressure, chest expansion, pulmonary function and quality of life.",[105],"Hypertension",[105,55,59,44,107,108,109],"Pulmonary Function","Chest expansion","Quality of life","2026-04-07",{"date":112,"type":113},"2026-04-14","ACTUAL",{"date":115,"type":113},"2026-01-12",{"date":117,"type":99},"2026-05-15",{"name":5,"class":6},1]