Effect of Circadian Timing of a Standardized Meal on Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Adults

Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC) for Postprandial Glucose

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of circadian timing of a standardized test meal (morning versus evening consumption) on postprandial glucose response in healthy adults, assessed as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for capillary blood glucose over 120 minutes following meal consumption

Peak Postprandial Glucose (Morning vs Evening)

Peak capillary blood glucose concentration measured within 120 minutes after consumption of the standardized test meal, under morning and evening conditions

Time to Peak Glucose (Morning vs Evening)

Time required to reach peak capillary blood glucose concentration following meal consumption, under morning and evening conditions.

Postprandial Glucose Profile (Morning vs Evening)

Capillary blood glucose concentrations measured at predefined time points following consumption of the standardized test meal, under morning and evening conditions.

Night Eating Behavior

Night eating behavior will be assessed using the validated Night Eating Questionnaire to characterize nocturnal eating patterns and support interpretation of variability in postprandial glucose responses.

Sleep Duration and Quality

Sleep duration and quality will be assessed using a validated sleep questionnaire administered prior to each study visit to support interpretation of postprandial glucose responses.

Chronotype

Chronotype will be assessed at baseline using the validated Questionnaire to characterize individual circadian preference and support interpretation of postprandial glucose responses.