The research objective is to compare the effects of infant formula supplemented with milk oligosaccharides and optimized with multiple nutrients on the immune function of infants under 1 year old with conventional infant formula, and to compare the effects of different infant formulas on infant intestinal health, immune function, growth and development, cognitive development, and tolerance with those of breastfed infants.
0-28 days after birth;
Single birth;
The gestational age is between 37 and 42 weeks;
Birth weight ranges from 2500 to 4000 grams;
Artificial assisted reproduction;
The mother suffers from a disease that may endanger intrauterine growth;
The mother suffers from pregnancy diabetes or serious metabolic disease or chronic disease during pregnancy
Suffering from congenital malformations and genetic diseases, chronic diseases, and congenital diseases that may interfere with the investigation;
Parallel
oligosaccharides and multiple nutrients
Dietary supplementThe effect of adding milk oligosaccharides and optimizing multiple nutrients to infant formula on the growth and development of infants aged 0-1 years
no oligosaccharides and optimizing multiple nutrients
Dietary supplementThe effect of traditional infant formula milk powder optimized without adding milk oligosaccharides and multiple nutrients on the growth and development of infants aged 0-1 years old.
breastfeeding
Dietary supplementThe impact of breastfeeding on the growth and development of infants aged 0-1 years old.
Intestinal indicators
16s rRNA
Intestinal indicators
SCFAs
Inflammatory markers
serum hsCRP
Nutritional indicators
serum albumin
Immune indicators
fecal sIgA
Immune indicators
blood lymphocyte subsets
adverse event
adverse event
Serious adverse events
Serious adverse events
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