This study aims to compare the hemodynamic effect of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to lidocaine in preemptive peribulbar block in patients undergoing Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) under general anaesthesia (GA) .
Age ≥ 18 years.
Both sexes.
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II.
Undergoing elective Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery under general anesthesia.
Patients have local infection.
Allergic reaction or complications of the local anaesthesia (LA).
Coagulopathy defined as international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.5, platelet count < 100,000/mm³, or ongoing anticoagulant therapy not adequately discontinued.
Uncontrolled systemic disease, defined as poorly controlled hypertension [systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 160 mmHg], uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c > 8.5%), unstable ischemic heart disease, or decompensated hepatic or renal disease.
Cairo University
Lead sponsor