This study aims to examine how sensory deficits and weight-bearing asymmetry affect posture, balance, and mobility in individuals with chronic stroke. The research focuses on evaluating the relationships between plantar foot sensation, lower extremity position sense, and asymmetrical weight distribution with functional abilities such as walking and postural control.
Participants will undergo non-invasive assessments, including sensation tests, mobility and balance evaluations, and postural measurements. A total of 24 individuals with chronic stroke who are receiving physiotherapy at a rehabilitation center in Konya, Türkiye, will be included.
The results of this observational, cross-sectional study may contribute to a better understanding of the sensory-motor interactions in stroke survivors and support the development of more targeted rehabilitation strategies.
Diagnosis of stroke confirmed by a physician (via official report)
Minimum of 6 months since stroke onset
Aged 18 years or older
Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥ 20
Additional neurological, metabolic, or orthopedic conditions
Severe vision or hearing impairments
Modified Ashworth Score of 4 in any lower limb muscle
The study population consists of adult individuals diagnosed with chronic stroke who are currently receiving rehabilitation services. These individuals are being treated by a licensed physiotherapist and are enrolled in individualized rehabilitation programs.
Other
Cross-sectional
Not listed
Plantar Sensation Loss (%)
Plantar sensation will be assessed using the Semmes Weinstein Monofilament Test. Sensory loss will be calculated as a percentage difference compared to the unaffected (healthy) side.
Lower Extremity Joint Position Sense
Position sense will be evaluated with the Lower Extremity Position Test. Evaluates proprioception by measuring the accuracy of toe placement on predefined distances with visual input blocked.
Weight-Bearing Asymmetry (%)
Weight distribution on affected and unaffected limbs will be measured using two calibrated scales. Postural symmetry index and asymmetry percentages will be calculated.
Postural Assessment
Postural control and balance will be assessed using the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients of Turkish Version (PASS-T)
Functional Mobility
Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) will be used to measure the time taken to stand up, walk 3 meters, turn, return, and sit down.
Berg Balance Scale
It evaluates both static and dynamic balance, with total scores ranging from 0 to 56, where higher scores reflect superior balance performance.
Tinetti Balance and Gait Test
Tinetti Balance and Gait Test consists of two sections evaluating activities related to balance and gait. The first section includes 9 items assessing balance, while the second section comprises 7 items assessing gait. Each activity is scored based on specific observational criteria. The maximum total score is 28, with higher scores indicating better balance and gait performance. Lower scores reflect impaired balance and a higher risk of falling. Specifically, scores below 19 indicate a high risk of falls, scores between 19 and 23 indicate a moderate risk, and scores of 24 or above indicate a low risk of falling.
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