The population of the study, planned as a randomized controlled experimental design, consists of primiparous women who gave birth in the delivery unit of Istanbul Esenler Women's Health and Pediatric Diseases Hospital. The sample of the study will be composed of 110 postpartum women who meet the sampling criteria, are willing to participate, and are determined by power analysis. The study includes two groups: the "intervention group (n=55)," who will receive discharge education through podcasts in the early postpartum period, and the "control group (n=55)," who will receive routine discharge education. Women in the intervention group will listen to four podcasts, each lasting 5-6 minutes, about discharge education during the early postpartum period. Before the data collection forms are applied, participants will be asked to complete an "Informed Consent Form." All groups will be evaluated with the "Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale," the "Maternal Attachment Scale," and the "Self-Care Agency Scale" both before and after the intervention. The discussion and conclusions of the study will be written based on the results obtained.
Volunteering to participate in the study
Being primigravida
Being over the age of 19
Giving birth in the delivery unit of Esenler Maternity and Children's Hospital
Unwillingness to participate in the study
Having a psychiatric diagnosis and/or using psychiatric medication
Being an adolescent mother
Being a high-risk postpartum woman
Parallel
Providing discharge education via podcasts
Other interventionIn addition to the routine discharge education, the postpartum women assigned to the intervention group will listen to a discharge training podcast consisting of 4 modules, each lasting 5-6 minutes, via a Xiaomi Poco X3 phone.
1. Introductory Information Form
A data collection form was developed by the researchers based on a review of the relevant literature. The form includes items designed to assess the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of primiparous postpartum women. Socio-demographic variables include age, educational level, family structure, and income status. Obstetric variables include mode of delivery, receipt of prenatal education, use of postpartum contraceptive methods, and whether the pregnancy was planned.
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was developed by Cox et al. in 1987 to screen for depression during the postpartum period (26). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Engindeniz et al. in 1997. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.79. The EPDS is a self-report instrument consisting of 10 items in a 4-point Likert-type format. Each item is scored between 0 and 3. The total score ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 30.
Maternal Attachment Scale
The Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS) was developed by Muller in 1994 to measure maternal attachment. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Kavlak and Şirin in 2009. The MAS assesses maternal feelings and behaviors that show affection. Since it is a self-report scale, the person completing it must be literate and able to understand what they read. The scale consists of 26 items with a 4-point Likert scale, offering the options "always," "frequently," "sometimes," and "never." The scoring is: always = 4 points, frequently = 3 points, sometimes = 2 points, and never = 1 point. Scores range from 26 to 104, with higher scores indicating stronger maternal attachment. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.77 for mothers with one-month-old babies and 0.82 for mothers with four-month-old babies.
Self-Care Agency Scale
The Self-Care Agency Scale was developed by Kearney and Fleischer in 1979 to measure individuals' ability to care for themselves. The Turkish validity and reliability study was done by Nahçıvan in 1994. The scale has 35 items with a 5-point Likert format: "does not describe me at all," "does not describe me well," "undecided," "describes me somewhat," and "describes me very well." Scores range from 0 to 4 accordingly. Eight items (3, 6, 9, 13, 19, 22, 26, 31) are reverse scored. Positive items are scored 0-4; negative items 4-0. Scores ≤82 indicate low, 83-120 moderate, and \>120 high self-care agency. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89.
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Description: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was developed by Cox et al. in 1987 to screen for depression during the postpartum period (26). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Engindeniz et al. in 1997. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.79. The EPDS is a self-report instrument consisting of 10 items in a 4-point Likert-type format. Each item is scored between 0 and 3. The total score ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 30.
Maternal Attachment Scale
Description: The Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS) was developed by Muller in 1994 to measure maternal attachment. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Kavlak and Şirin in 2009. The MAS assesses maternal feelings and behaviors that show affection. Since it is a self-report scale, the person completing it must be literate and able to understand what they read. The scale consists of 26 items with a 4-point Likert scale, offering the options "always," "frequently," "sometimes," and "never." The scoring is: always = 4 points, frequently = 3 points, sometimes = 2 points, and never = 1 point. Scores range from 26 to 104, with higher scores indicating stronger maternal attachment. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.77 for mothers with one-month-old babies and 0.82 for mothers with four-month-old babies.
Self-Care Agency Scale
Description: The Self-Care Agency Scale was developed by Kearney and Fleischer in 1979 to measure individuals' ability to care for themselves. The Turkish validity and reliability study was done by Nahçıvan in 1994. The scale has 35 items with a 5-point Likert format: "does not describe me at all," "does not describe me well," "undecided," "describes me somewhat," and "describes me very well." Scores range from 0 to 4 accordingly. Eight items (3, 6, 9, 13, 19, 22, 26, 31) are reverse scored. Positive items are scored 0-4; negative items 4-0. Scores ≤82 indicate low, 83-120 moderate, and \>120 high self-care agency. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89.
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