Gliomas

To learn if the study drug, ulixertinib, can cross over the blood-brain barrier in patients with recurrent brain tumors

A vision-language model using preoperative MRI and clinical variables has been developed to simultaneously predict three key molecular markers in midline gliomas: H3K27M, IDH, and 1p/19q. This prospective multicenter study will validate the model's accuracy in preoperative molecular subtyping and its value in prognostic assessment and clinical decision-making across multiple neurosurgical centers.

Background: Primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors grow in the brain and spinal cord. These tumors are rare, but they are difficult to treat and often fatal. SmartMatch is a new technology that tries to help find the best medicines for the particular tumor by testing how small pieces of surgically removed tumor tissue react to different drugs. The study team wants to see if SmartMatch can complete the analysis and generate a report within 21 days from the time of the surgery. Objective: To better understand CNS tumors so doctors can find better ways to treat them in the future. Eligibility: People aged 15 years and older with recurrent CNS tumors. Patient must already be scheduled for a surgery for the tumor at the NIH. Design: The study team will collect a small amount of tumor samples during the planned surgery. They may also use tumor samples from previous procedures. No new or additional procedures will be done for the purpose of this study. The tumor samples will be sent to a lab for SmartMatch analysis. Once completed, the results will be shared with the patient and his/her local doctor. Together they can decide whether to incorporate the results into the treatment plan. It is important to know that the results may or may not be helpful. There will only be one blood test for research. Blood and tissue samples collected may be used for additional analysis. Tumor tissue may be used to grow additional samples for further study. Participants will receive a pathology diagnosis and mutation profile generated by pathologists who specialize in CNS tumors. The study team will seek updates on participant's health approximately every 6 months for 3 years. Tumor samples may also be collected from any additional surgery done at NIH during this time....

This study aims to establish a large-scale, multi-center MRI database for malignant brain tumors. It will develop an artificial intelligence system for the segmentation and classification of multiple subtypes of brain tumors (including glioma, metastatic tumor and lymphoma et al.) using deep learning technology. This will address the issues of small sample sizes and limited classification performance in existing methods, thereby improving the accuracy of non-invasive preoperative diagnosis, reducing the need for biopsies, and having significant clinical translational value.

The goal of this Study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Vorasidenib in Patients with Isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH1/2 mutant Grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma, primary purposeis to evaluate the efficectiveness of Vorasidenib in glioma patients treated in routine clinical practice in In China, patients aged 12 and above with grade II or higher astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations. The main question it aims to answer is: if this trend is consistent with the efficacy observed in the INDIGO study, and there is not any new safety signal compared to previous research data? Researchers will compare to no treatment. Participants is not mandatory for a formal visit as it is a real-word study.However, due to the fact that patients will be treated with new drugs and need to collect data on major efficacy, regular visits should be performed in routine clinical practice. This study is a multicenter, retrospective-and prospective real-world study, There are treatment group (Vorasidenib) and external control group (untreated after surgery).

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if allogeneic CAR-T cells can treat patients with advanced gliomas. The main questions it aims to answer are: Evaluate the safety of allogeneic CAR-T cells in the treatment of advanced gliomas. To evaluate the effectiveness of allogeneic CAR-T cells in the treatment of advanced gliomas and to study its immunological properties in patients.

Gliomas are tumors that occur in all ages; they include the most common malign primary central nervous system tumors in developed countries. Gliomas are often aggressive, and their recommended treatment is surgical resection and chemoradiation. Complete tumor removal is challenging because of diffuse cell growth and the proximity of functionally critical tissues. Surgeons use 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) drug-induced fluorescence to visually detect tumor cells, which improves resection rates and delays tumor progression. Tumor cells are often left unnoticed because of visual obstacles or weak fluorescence, which may lead to local recurrence and reoperations. Surgical suction devices are used to remove cancerous tissues, but so far the suction aspirate tissues have not been routinely used in tissue detection. This single-center observational study compares experts' visual detection of 5-ALA-induced fluorescence and fluorescence detected from the surgical suction waste. The fluorescence from the suction waste will not be reported back to the surgeon.