Non Communicable Chronic Diseases

In consistence of North Africa vision to decrease incidence of NCDs in different population type investigators decide to give more concerns to youth (young old) who are the main human power to build future. Recent data report non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the current leading cause of mortality in Egypt, with NCDs estimated to account for 85% of all deaths. Egypt's youth population (16-25 years old) is both the country's greatest asset and one of its biggest challenges. This age group makes up a huge share of the population, and while they are more connected to technology, social media, and modern facilities than older generations, they face lifestyle barriers that affect their health and productivity. Many modifiable risk factors affect their behavior and in consequence health. These factors related strongly to their close relationship with technology, they spend more time on mobile and computer applications that affect directly on physical inactivity, sleeping time (onset and duration) and at the end cause NCDs as obesity and CVs problems. Upper Egypt as apart from North Africa region is considered as one of the low-income countries with special cultures, specifically regarding food and physical activities. Even though young people constitute a significant proportion of the population, comparatively fewer studies have examined the prevalence of health concerns and the strategies needed to promote their well-being, especially when contrasted with research focused on groups such as the elderly or pregnant and lactating women. This project aims to investigate prevalence patterns, identify contributing factors, enhance community awareness by encouraging training of healthcare providers to best act and modify youth risk factors, and implement preventive interventions that are both cost-effective and sustainable. Furthermore, it seeks to foster adherence to these measures to strengthen health literacy and reduce the burden of conditions

Tobacco use remains persistently high across South Asia, despite numerous public health efforts, and continues to significantly contribute to the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke. Community pharmacists-widely accessible and trusted within their communities-are an underutilized resource for delivering public health interventions. Graphic health warnings (GHWs), recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), have been shown to promote smoking cessation, but are rarely paired with personalized counseling by healthcare providers. This study aims to evaluate both the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of integrating GHWs with pharmacist-led personalized counseling at primary healthcare pharmacies in Bangladesh and Pakistan. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted, enrolling 3,240 adult participants in Bangladesh and \~160 participants in Pakistan (for feasibility study) from community pharmacies. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) GHW only (distribution of printed booklets); (2) GHW + counseling (pharmacist-led counselling sessions based on booklets at baseline and six months, with monthly SMS reminders); or (3) standard care (usual pharmacy services with no additional materials). The intervention includes twice-yearly counseling sessions-delivered both in-person and digitally-supported by educational booklets and leaflets. The primary outcome is self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 12 months (validated where feasible). Secondary outcomes include reduction in cigarettes per day, quit attempts, readiness to quit, awareness of tobacco harms, diet and physical activity scores, quality of life, blood pressure control among hypertensive participants, and cost-effectiveness. Feasibility outcomes in Pakistan include recruitment rate, participant retention, intervention fidelity and acceptability. Bayesian statistical models will be used to assess efficacy, and economic evaluations will determine the cost-effectiveness of the interventions. The findings aim to inform scalable public health strategies for tobacco control and NCD prevention in resource-limited settings.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI)-supported, context-aware digital nudging intervention designed to reduce ultra-processed food consumption and improve dietary sustainability among adolescents and young adults. The intervention utilizes real-time behavioral data, including image-assisted dietary logging and contextual information, to identify high-risk consumption moments and deliver personalized, non-coercive nudges. The study will assess changes in ultra-processed food intake, contextual consumption patterns, and sustainability-related dietary indicators.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication and metabolic disorder during pregnancy, with clear risks to both the mother and fetus. In recent years, the long-term chronic diseases and poor prognosis in GDM women after delivery, as well as the risk of obesity and metabolic disorders in their offspring, have become key research topics. However, due to the long duration of GDM's impact on both the mother and offspring and its involvement in multiple disciplines, high-quality cohort studies are scarce. As a result, there is no definitive conclusion regarding the high-risk factors, natural progression, key mediators, timing of interventions, and targets for GDM's long-term effects on mothers and their offspring. This project intends to initiate a prospective follow-up study, establish a specialized cohort for the long-term effects of GDM on both mothers and their offspring, and complete the characterization of the natural course of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in GDM women and their offspring. The study will also explore high-risk and mediator factors, and develop predictive models. The goal is to provide education, postpartum follow-up, monitoring, and possibly initiate primary prevention for GDM women to reduce the long-term NCD risks, ultimately improving their life expectancy and providing a theoretical basis for intervention. Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adult patients (≥18 years old) who registered for antenatal care and delivered at Peking University Firest Hospital's obstetrics department between 2007 and 2016. 2. Diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy via an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). 3. Signed informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Lack of pregnancy-related obstetric follow-up records. 2. Inability to cooperate with and complete subsequent scheduled follow-ups.

The goal of this study is to assess the effect of the WARIFA app on the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours related to Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), as well as in the management of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). This is done using user-generated data analysis, artificial intelligence (AI) and risk estimation to provide personalised recommendations on lifestyle-related behaviours through a mobile app. * Primary objective: the objective of this study is to assess the impact of using the WARIFA app on a series of outcomes, related to the promotion of healthy lifestyles and prevention of NCDs, as well as on the management of T1D. * Secondary objectives: to assess the feasibility of implementation of a complex health app (WARIFA), and to explore which outcomes are more relevant in this context for users. The study will evaluate the app in two different populations: * Population 1: Citizens living in Europe of either sex aged \> 18 years diagnosed with no more than one NCD (of the following: CVD, any type of cancer, chronic respiratory disease and T2D) and current owners of a smartphone with internet access. * Population 2: European adult individuals of either sex aged \>18 years with T1D currently using multiple daily insulin injections or an insulin pump and current owners of a smartphone with internet access. The study will be carried out in three centres in three different countries: the Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (iUIBS) in Spain, the Norwegian Centre for E-health Research (NSE) in Norway, and in Romania. Participants in each population will be randomised to an intervention or control arm on a 1:1 ratio: * Intervention arm: the Warifa app will be used by the participants throughout the study. The app will provide personalised risk estimations and recommendations through user-generated data analysis and artificial intelligence. * Control arm: The control group will use a Warifa app with the same functionalities than the intervention arm, but without artificial intelligence. At baseline, information will be collected by questionnaires and a physical examination, including anthropometry and a lipid profile. These measurements will be repeated in 12 weeks and will be compared between the treatment arms. The study will last 3 months in total, start of recruitment on 10 February 2025, end of study after the last visit of the last participant, on 12 May 2025. Each user will participate in the study for 12 weeks.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines digital health as the field of knowledge and application related to any aspect of the adoption of digital technology in the stages of improvement. The combination of digital health with technology brings about a new transformation in digital media. This transformation allows for the development of communication and information in health services, the ability to conduct health-related research on digital media and the evaluation of this data. The ease of access to information and the provision of a timely feedback mechanism in the face of problems have enabled the spread of digital health systems, and have also enabled chronic disease management and epidemic disease monitoring. It is recommended that the term digital readiness be used to cover the combination of digital access and use, digital literacy and digital health literacy. Digital health readiness is also defined as the main determinant of health and is thought to contribute to the improvement of health processes with the development of digital health literacy and to be a useful solution against health problems that may arise in the follow-up of chronic diseases. Although there are tools in the literature that evaluate digital health readiness, there is no Turkish assessment tool that facilitates the follow-up of non-communicable chronic diseases. Therefore, the aim of our study is to evaluate the translation, validity, and reliability of the Digital Health Readiness Questionaire into Turkish in individuals with chronic non-infectious diseases.

* Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) can accelerated the aging process and increase the frailty condition * The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is the gold standard in the geriatric clinical context * Recently, in Italy the first Guidelines about the CGA in different settings for older people has been pubblicated * The CGA can identify older people at high risk of frailty who can benefit from a personalized prevention program * No studies has been investigated the effects of a personalized prevention program (PPP) based on the CGA in a primary care setting * The main hypothesis is that the CGA assessment can result in personalized prevention programs for older subjects in primary care settings with an effect in reducing the hospitalization rate and can be related to the biological paramters in NCDs

Our objective is to carry out research on prevention and control of noncommunicable chronic diseases, and establish a risk prediction mechanism for chronic diseases to promote early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of chronic diseases in natural population in Qianwan District of Ningbo, significantly reduce medical costs and extend population life span.

Healthy Life Centers (Norwegian, 'Frisklivssentralen') is a municipal service in Norway that aims to promote both physical and mental health, as well as to limit the development of non-communicable diseases. Previous research has shown that receiving follow-up from Healthy Life Centers has led to higher levels of daily physical activity, in addition to improved self-reported health and quality of life among the participants. However, there is a lack of studies that have examined what kind of physiological health effects can be expected from participating in the Healthy Life Center's follow-up. In this study, responses to the 12-week physical activity program of the Healthy Life Center will be compared with the responses in a negative control group that does not receive such follow-up. Both the intervention group and the reference group (the negative control group) will carry out the same tests and measurements before and after the 12 week period. The tests will include measurements of anthropometric variables (body height, body weight and waist circumference), body composition, arterial stiffness, resting blood pressure and blood variables (blood glucose, long-term blood glucose, blood lipid profile and inflammation markers), in addition to physical tests of mobility, balance, maximum aerobic capacity (maximal oxygen consumption) and maximum muscle strength. Questionnaires related to adherence to the Healthy Life Center follow-up, socio-demographic variables, eating and drinking habits, activity level, perceived physical fitness, motivation for exercise, and health-related quality of life will also be included.